*Map references: Middle East
*Area: total: 1.648 million sq km
***land: 1.636 million sq km
***water: 12,000 sq km
*Area comparative: slightly larger than Alaska
*Land boundaries: total: 5,440 km
*Coastline: 2,440 km; note -Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)
*Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
***contiguous zone: 24 nm
***exclusive economic zone: bilateral agreements or median lines in the Persian Gulf
***continental shelf: natural prolongation
*Climate: mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
*Terrian: rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains, small discountinuous plains along both coasts
*Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m
***highest point: Kuh-e Damavand 5,671
***other: 88.93% (2005)
*Land use: arable land: 9.78%
***permanent crops: 1.29%
***Irrigated land: 76,500 sq km (2003)
*Geography -note: strategic location on thte Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport
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